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Already in 1870, Benjamin Vicuña Mackenna expressed the idea of transforming the San Cristóbal Hill into a great lung for Santiago city. In those years the hill was an uncultivated land without any vegetation and it belonged to diverse owners.
At the beginning of the XX century the first two works are built: In 1903 the Astronomical Observatory Lick, today called Manuel Foster, and in 1908 the monument to the Immaculate Concepción of the Virgen Maria is inaugurated.
The idea of transforming the San Cristóbal hill in a great public park was taking form, and in 1916, the gentlemen Alberto Mackenna Subercaseaux and Pedro Bannen, directed a campaign dedicated to get the expropriation of the lands.
On August 21st, 1916 a group of Deputies presented the law project to expropriate the San Cristóbal Hill and use it for the beautification of the city. Several institutions and personalities of the time supported the initiative.
After prolonged studies the law Nº 3.295 was promulgated, published in the Official Newspaper on September 18th, 1917 that it authorized the President of the Republic, Mr. Juan Luís Sanfuentes, to accept in donation, to buy or to expropriate the lands that extend from the Forest Santiago until the San Cristóbal Hill inclusive. These lands were declared of public utility and destined to the formation of a great park.
On June 17th, 1918, Santiago's Mayor Pablo A. Urzúa took official possession of the lands of the Park.
Among the years 1921 and 1927 that it corresponds a period in that Mr. Alberto Mackenna was Mayor of Santiago, diverse works were carried out. Indeed, in July of 1921 the forestation programs began. At the foot next to the Dominica Street, 400 aromos were planted that were watered with the waters of the channel that runs by its proximities. That same year it began the construction of the Casino Cumbre and the Spiders’ House, both works of the architect Luciano Kulczewski.
On April 1st, 1922, the official deliverance of the system of irrigation was made, work which was in charge of the engineer Manuel Zañartu Campino.
On September 17th, 1922, the Cumbre road and the route to the Pirámide were inaugurated. The President of the Republic, Mr. Arturo Alessandri Palma, Secretaries, Parliamentarian, Members of the Diplomatic Body and the Mayor of Santiago, Mr. Alberto Mackenna Subercaseaux attended to the ceremony.
In 1925 the Funicular, the Zoo and the Victoria tower were inaugurated. Six years later concluded the construction of the Chapel of the Sanctuary of the Peak.
In the decade of the sixty a new creative impulse takes place in the Park. From those years belong the Mexico Square, the Tupahue swimming pool, the Anahuac Culture Center and the Children’s playground Gabriela Mistral.
The Law Nº 16.464 of April 25th, 1966, recast the Services San Cristóbal Hill and National Zoo Garden in a single Service that today is known as PARQUE METROPOLITANO DE SANTIAGO.
In 1966, during the Government of President Eduardo Fried Montalva, the Park was transferred from the Ministry of the Interior to the Ministry of Housing and Urbanism, ministry created that year.
Santiago's Metropolitan Park has always been motivation of interest for the inhabitants of the city. It is as well as at the beginning of the century, the first photographic registrations of the time begin to emerge, revealing an entire time delighted in the development and the progress. The images that here are presented show the effort and work developed by thousands of people, to end up consolidating, little by little, what today we know as Parque Metropolitano de Santiago. These pages are dedicated to the memory of those entire visionary and hard-working men that dreamt of being converted that rocky hill, in a great park for the city of Santiago. |
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